M0 is traditionally the most ___ measure of the money supply

___ represents the assets that strictly make up the definition of money

What deposits are part of M2?

Economists use ___ when they want to quantify the amount of money in circulation

What are short-tem repurchase agreements called?

When money is used to mediate in the exchange of goods and services, it's performing a function as a medium of exchange. This avoids the inefficiencies of a barter system, such as the problem of ___

___ means that a unit or piece must be perceived as equivalent to any other

To act as ___, a commodity, a form of money, or financial capital must be able to be saved, stored, and recovered -and be predictable useful when it's recovered-

Commercial Banks create money through ___

Inflation is the percent change in a ___ index over a period of time

The ___ values don't specify how much of the difference is due to changes in the price level

Economists generally agree that high inflation rates and superinflation are caused by ___

Monetarists claim that the empirical study of monetary history shows that inflation has always been a ___

There are three main types of inflation, as part of what Robert J. Gordon calls the "___"

For example, a sudden ___ in the oil supply, leading to increased oil prices, can cause cost inflation

Self-built inflation is based on the assumption that workers try to keep their wages above prices (above inflation), and that companies pass on these higher labor costs to ther customers as higher prices, leading to a "___"

Under a ___ exchange rate regime, a country's currency is pegged in value to another currency or to a group of other currencies (or, sometimes, to another measure of value, such as gold)

If the value of a currency rises, it is said that the currency will ___

Under the Bretton Wood agreements, most countries in the world had currencies that were pegged to the US dollar. This ___ inflation in those countries

With the gold standard, the currency itself ___ is accepted by merchants because it can be exchanged for the gold equivalent

Representative (FIAT) money and the gold standard were used to protect citizens form hyperinflation and other monetary policy abuses, as seen in some countries during the ___

Gold standard protects against ___

There were notable failures of the use of the imposition of price and wage controls in 1972 by ___

In many countries, employment contracts, retirement benefits, and government entitlementes (such as unemployment benefit from Social Security) are linked to the cost of living index, typically the ___

The financial system is made up of banks, saving banks, insurance companies, ___, etc