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The scarcity implies that there are not enough . . . to produce enough to cover all the needs
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. . . means everything that has capacity to satisfy human's needs
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The economics agents are the persons or . . . who make an economic activity.
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The public sector takes part in the economy by making . . . that regulate the way that the other economic agents act when they go to the market
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The . . . is what an agent loses when he makes a decision
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In the modern society, the dilemma between a clean environment and a . . . income level is also important
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Higher costs can create lower company profits, lower . . ., higher prices or all the three things at the same time
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The Production Possibility Frontier (PPF) reflects the highest good and services' amounts that a society can produce in a fixed time period and with ones . . . and ones given technological knowledge
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In the efficient productive structure there are no idle resources and the . . . technology is utilized
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The Production Possibility Frontier (PPF) is concave because the . . . is increasing
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The barter or exchange is to buy or to sell by using a . . . instead of money as a exchange money
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Bartering began with the need to . . . what is owned for what is needed
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When the exchange is frequent, the . . . systems quickly find the need to have some goods with monetary properties
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The states started to issue notes and coins that gave right to the . . . to exchange them for gold or silver from the country's reserves
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With the Gold Standard any citizen could convert the paper money into an equivalent amount of . . .
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By 1971 the . . . central banks tried to convert their dollar reserves to gold, creating an unsustainable situation for the USA
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The monetary authorities and the Central Banks take part in the exchange market to calm the . . . speculative fluctuations
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In capitalism the ownership of the means of production is . . .
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The most prominent contemporary representatives scholars for the Austrian school of economics are . . . and Friedrich Hayek
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In the centralice planning economy the market didn't send signals because this didn't exist (. . . market)
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The Russian Civil War happened in the first months after the October Revolution and the appearance of the first . . . Republics
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In the case of the USSR, it had to assign a huge amount of its budget to maintain the army and the war technology in its Cold War with the . . .
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The three factors that Classic economists use are: land, labour and . . .
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In the economy of . . . and business development produced since the end of the 20th Century, people consider that technology and science (what has been called R&D -Research and Development- or even R, D&I - Research, Development and Innovation -) is a 4th factor of production that characterizes more and more the production in the industrialised countries.
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The new factors of production are: natural capital, physical capital, . . . and intangible capital (know-how, organization, non-physical but computable assests, intangible labour, knowledge economy)
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Added Value is the increase in value that is produced in a good in each phase of the . . . process
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The types of division of labour are: industrial division, vertical division and . . . division
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The less time used to obtain the wanted result, the . . . productive the system is
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The TFP is a measurement of the effect of the economies . . ., in which the total production increases more in proportion to the amount that each factor of production increases.
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The . . . is the basic economic unit in charge of satisfying the market's needs using material and human resources
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The firm clasification according to the economic activity is: the primary sector, the secondary sector and the . . . sector
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The industrial and . . . firms are in the secondary sector
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The firm classification according to the size is: Microenterprise, Small enterprise, . . . and Great enterprise
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In a public sector company, the owner is . . .
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Total costs are those that a company has in a production process or activity. They are the sum of fixed costs and . . . costs
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In Microeconomic Theory . . . costs are not linear, at the beginning they are more increasing but after that they are less increasing
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Negative profit is called . . .
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The Andalusian fishing fleet is the . . . most important of Spain
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Andalusia has . . .% of the metallic extractions
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What would be the added value in the first stage of the production if the wood is sold at 1.25 €, the wholesale chair at 3.75 € and the retail chair at 5.5 €?
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What would be the added value in the second stage of the production if the wood is sold at 1.25 €, the wholesale chair at 3.75 € and the retail chair at 5.5 €?
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What would be the added value in the third stage of the production if the wood is sold at 1.25 €, the wholesale chair at 3.75 € and the retail chair at 5.5 €?
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What would be the marginal product for two workers, if the total products, according to the number of workers are: 1-3,123, 2-5,842, 3-8,388? Two decimal numbers, by rounding (when it be necessary)
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What would be the marginal product for two workers, if the average products, according to the number of workers are: 1-4,327, 2-3,875, 3-3,159? Two decimal numbers, by rounding (when it be necessary)
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What would be the total product for two workers, if the average products, according to the number of workers are: 1-5,300, 2-3,800, 3-3,000? Two decimal numbers, by rounding (when it be necessary)
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What would be the total product for two workers, if the marginal products, according to the number of workers are: 1-5,100, 2-4,850, 3-3,000? Two decimal numbers, by rounding (when it be necessary)
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What would be the average product for two workers, if the marginal products, according to the number of workers are: 1-15,200, 2-14,850, 3-13,000? Two decimal numbers, by rounding (when it be necessary)
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What would be the average product for two workers, if the total products, according to the number of workers are: 1-15,300, 2-27,800, 3-32,000? Two decimal numbers, by rounding (when it be necessary)
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Cuando hay una oferta de un bien relativamente . . . el coeficiente es bajo
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Uno de los determinantes de la elasticidad-precio de la oferta es la capacidad de . . . de los comerciantes
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Donde la curva de oferta del trabajo se está inclinando hacia arriba y hacia la derecha (elasticidad positiva de la oferta de trabajo frente al salario), el efecto de sustitución es mayor que el efecto . . .
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A . . . mercado, mayor oferta
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A mayor precio del bien, . . . demanda
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La curva de demanda usualmente se inclina hacia . . . de izquierda a derecha
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Un . . . es el punto en el que la cantidad demandada y la cantidad ofrecida son iguales
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La demanda . . . se ha hecho importante en el debate sobre la expansión de los sistemas de transporte, y es a menudo usada como un argumento en contra de la ampliación de las carreteras, tales como las principales carreteras para ir al trabajo
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En el corto plazo, los mercados de competencia perfecta tienen una eficiente distribución, ya que la producción bajo competencia perfecta tendrá lugar siempre cuando los . . . son iguales al ingreso marginal, y por consiguiente cuando el coste marginal es igual al ingreso medio.
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En competencia perfecta, a largo plazo, la llegada de nuevas empresas o la expansión de las existentes en el mercado causa que la curva de demanda de cada empresa se desplace hacia . . ., trayendo hacia abajo al mismo tiempo al precio, a la curva de ingreso medio y a la curva de ingreso marginal
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En la competencia perfecta, el objetivo de las empresas es . . . los beneficios
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En la jerga económica, se dice que los monopolios puros “se enfrentan a una demanda inclinada hacia . . .”
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Una adquisición, también conocida como absorción o “. . .”, es la compra de una compañía (el objetivo) por otra
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Un monopolio artificial es un monopolio creado por el gobierno por medio de barreras artificiales para entrar como . . . y derechos de autor
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Un ejemplo primario de un cartel es la OPEP que tiene una profunda influencia en el precio internacional del . . .
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Los principales determinantes del mercado de . . . son la renta y el tipo de interés
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El flujo real que va de las empresas a las familias son los . . .
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El flujo real que va del Estado a las familias y las empresas son los . . .
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PIBpm = consumo + . . . + gastos del gobierno + (exportaciones – importaciones)
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PIBcf = Sector Primario + Sector Secundario + . . .
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PINcf = PIBcf – . . .
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PNNpm = PNNcf + . . . – Su
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En la curva de Lorenz, la linea recta y = x es llamada la línea de . . .
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El coeficiente de Gini se define como una proporción y puede variar de 0 a . . .
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El . . . actualizado y los sectores de centro son parte de un neoliberalismo más suave y promueven un gobierno más preocupado sobre temas sociales, pero sin abandonar la ideología del liberalismo contemporáneo.
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El . . . contabiliza el trabajo que produce no el cambio neto o que resulta de reparar el daño
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El Genuino Indicador de Progreso o Índice de Sostenibilidad del Bienestar Económico intentan tratar muchas de las críticas vistas arriba tomando la misma información cruda ofrecida por el PIB y después ajusta por distribución de la renta, añade por el valor del trabajo . . ., y resta por delincuencia y contaminación.
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El . . . es un índice de bienestar humano e impacto medioambiental, introducido por la Nueva Fundación Económica (NFE), en julio de 2006
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Una tasa de crecimiento del . . .% anual llevará a doblar el PIB dentro de 28 años, mientras que una tasa de crecimiento del 8% anual (experimentada por algunos de los Cuatro Trigres Asiáticos) llevará a doblar el PIB dentro de 9 años
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El término ciclo económico se refiere a las fluctuaciones de la economía, en sentido amplio, en producción o actividad económica en varios meses o años. Estas fluctuaciones ocurren alrededor de una tendencia . . . a largo plazo
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Alguien puede preferir más tiempo libre a adquirir más bienes y servicios, pero este cumplimiento de deseos haría un efecto . . . en el incremento del PIB.
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Calcula el PIBpm con esta información: C = 387; I = 297; G = 103; X = 31; M = 50; Ti = 80; Su = 45; Dep = 35; RRN = 23, RRE = 40