The economics is a science that studies the human . . . as the relation between the purpose and the limited means that have alternatives applications

The scarcity implies that there are not enough resources to . . . enough to cover all the needs

The . . . concept is applicated to everything useful

Human societies have developed the politics to . . . the priorities and the way to satisfy them

The households make the decisions about what to . . . and they have the most of the productions factors

The public sector takes part in the economy by making laws that regulate the way that the other economic agents act when they go to the . . .

The opportunity cost is what an . . . loses when he makes a decision

The more we spend in national security to protect our coasts from the foreign aggressors (cannons), the less we'll spend in personal goods to improve the standard of living in our country (. . .)

. . . costs can create lower company profits, lower salaries, higher prices or all the three things at the same time

The Production Possibility Frontier (PPF) is the group of productive factors or technologies' combinations that . . . the highest production

The situations that can be given in a country's productive structure are: inefficient productive structure, efficient productive structure and . . . productive structure

The . . . productive structure is located over the Possibilities Production

The . . . is concave because the opportunity cost is increasing

The displacement of the Production Possiblity Frontier (PPF) can be due to technological improvements, an increase in capital, an increase of workers or the . . . of new natural resources

The beginnings of the barter or exchange go back to the first . . . communities of human beings.

Bartering began with the need to exchange what is owned for what is needed. Although, on occasion, many intermediary exchanges were necessary to satisfy needs. That, combined with the . . . of settlements and expansion of commercial networks facilitated the appearance of the concept of “coins”

When the exchange is frequent, the barter systems quickly find the need to have some goods with . . . properties

The states started to issue . . . and coins that gave right to the bearer to exchange them for gold or silver from the country's reserves

Between 1870 and the 1st World War the . . . Standard was mainly adopted

In the Bretton Woods' Agreements was established that all the currencies would be converted in . . . and only the U.S. dollar would be convertible in gold bars at 35 dollars per ounce for the foreign governments

In December of . . ., the president of the United States, Richard Nixon, suspended on his own the dollar conversion to gold and devalued the dollar by 10%

The monetary authorities and the Central Banks take part in the exchange market with the objective of maintaining at . . . the prices' stability

In . . . the ownership of the means of production is private

The founding fathers of capitalism are John Locke, . . ., Adam Smith and Benjamin Franklin

John Maynar Keynes holds that the State can increase the effective . . . by avoiding the cyclical crisis

The centralice planning economy is inspired by . . . theory

The . . . economy got worse with Stalin and his followers, when the Soviet Union was born, with the so-called one-country politics

In the case of the . . ., it had to assign a huge amount of its budget to maintain the army and the war technology in its Cold War with the USA.

Cuba is trying to defend the centralized economic system by making some reforms or concessions in strategic sectors, like tourism, to the . . . economy, prevailing abroad

A production process converts inputs into . . . (goods or services) with physical, technological, human and other types of resources

. . . is rewarded by the income

Today land is considered, a component of capital or a component of a wider natural factor (. . . or natural capital)

To the concept of physical capital or financial capital is added the concept of human capital or . . . capital, even social capital, as a way of explaining the improvement of the productivity that isn't due to the other factors

. . . can be considered a form of investment, because it increases the abilities of the workers and the production

The division of labour, generally speaking, deals about . . . and cooperation of the labour forces in tasks and roles, with the objective of improving efficiency.

The . . . division deals with division of tasks within an industry or firm.

The . . . is the ratio of the results and the time used to obtain them

The types of productivity are: . . . productivity and total factor productivity (TFP)

The relationships between imperialist nations and their colonies . . . unilateral

. . . designs the product, assigns the prices and chooses the most appropriate channels of distribution and techniques of communication in order to launch a product that will satisfy truly the needs of the costumers

The fims from the . . . sector are mainly extractive

The . . . and building firms are in the secondary sector

The firms that belong at a group of persons are . . . and social economy firms

The firm classification according to . . . is: private sector company, public sector company, mixed company and self-management company

The firm classification according to the . . . is: applicant firm, specialist firm, leader firm and follower firm

. . . costs are invariable if the activity level has small changes

Except when there are structural changes, in the economic units – or productive units – variable costs have a linear behaviour, because the average value per unit tends to be . . .

Profit is . . . value minus input value

In Andalusia, traditionally the main products have been wheat, olive tree and . . .

The fish farm of Riofrio, in Granada, exports . . .% of its caviar production, and it competes in international markets with Russian and Iranian caviar

Andalusia has . . .% of the extraction of gold and silver

Andalusia is the . . . Spanish community in tourism

What would be the added value in the first stage of the production if the wood is sold at 2 €, the wholesale chair at 5 € and the retail chair at 11 €?

What would be the added value in the second stage of the production if the wood is sold at 2 €, the wholesale chair at 5 € and the retail chair at 11 €?

What would be the added value in the third stage of the production if the wood is sold at 2 €, the wholesale chair at 5 € and the retail chair at 11 €?

What would be the marginal product for three workers, if the total products, according to the number of workers are: 1-55, 2-76, 3-91? Two decimal numbers, by rounding (when it be necessary)

What would be the marginal product for three workers, if the average products, according to the number of workers are: 1-18,490, 2-14,440, 3-9,000? Two decimal numbers, by rounding (when it be necessary)

What would be the total product for two workers, if the average products, according to the number of workers are: 1-8,575, 2-8,476, 3-8,006? Two decimal numbers, by rounding (when it be necessary)

What would be the total product for two workers, if the marginal products, according to the number of workers are: 1-3,724, 2-3,681, 3-3,477? Two decimal numbers, by rounding (when it be necessary)

What would be the average product for two workers, if the marginal products, according to the number of workers are: 1-123,693, 2-121,655, 3-114,018? Two decimal numbers, by rounding (when it be necessary)

What would be the average product for two workers, if the total products, according to the number of workers are: 1-12,370, 2-15,750, 3-17,890? Two decimal numbers, by rounding (when it be necessary)

La oferta es la cantidad de bienes y servicios que los productores ofrecen a diferentes . . . y condiciones dadas en un determinado momento

Cuando hay una oferta de un bien relativamente inelástica el coeficiente es . . .

Mientras mayor sea la capacidad sobrante que hay en una industria, más fácil sería incrementar la producción si los precios . . .

Donde la curva de oferta del trabajo se está inclinando hacia . . . y hacia la derecha (elasticidad positiva de la oferta de trabajo frente al salario), el efecto de sustitución es mayor que el efecto ingreso

La dirección de la inclinación de la curva de oferta del trabajo puede cambiar . . . para algunos individuos

A mayor disponibilidad de los factores de producción, mayor . . .

A . . . nivel de renta, mayor demanda

Cuando la renta se incrementa, la curva de demanda para bienes normales se desplaza hacia la . . .

Un bien Giffen, por ejemplo el . . ., es uno que la gente consume más si el precio sube

Cualquier exceso de oferta llevaría a . . . de precios

En la economía . . . y en la microeconomía, la competencia perfecta describe la perfecta forma de ser de un mercado en el que hay muchas empresas pequeñas, todas produciendo bienes homogéneos

En el corto plazo, los mercados de competencia perfecta tienen una eficiente distribución, ya que la producción bajo competencia perfecta tendrá lugar siempre cuando los costes marginales son iguales al . . ., y por consiguiente cuando el coste marginal es igual al ingreso medio.

En competencia perfecta, en el . . . plazo, el beneficio positivo no puede ser mantenido

En la competencia perfecta hay muchos consumidores con la disposición y capacidad para comprar el producto a un cierto precio y . . . productores con la disposición y capacidad para ofrecer el producto a un cierto precio

El verbo . . . se refiere al proceso por el cual una empresa gana persistentemente una mayor cuota de mercado de lo que se espera bajo competencia perfecta

Los . . . fueron creados a menudo cuando los jefes de las empresas convencieron (o forzaron) a los accionistas de todas las empresas de una industria a llevar a sus acciones a un Consejo de Administración, en cambio por certificados de pago de dividendos. El Consejo entonces administraría a todas las compañías en “confianza” por los accionistas (y minimiza la competencia en el proceso).

Una adquisición, también conocida como absorción o “comprar su parte a”, es la compra de una compañía (el . . .) por otra

Si hay un solo vendedor en una cierta industria y no hay sustitutivos próximos para el bien que es producido por ella, entonces la estructura del mercado es la de un monopolio . . .

En un monopolio bilateral hay ambos, un monopolio y un . . . en el mismo mercado.

La demanda de trabajo es una demanda . . ., en otras palabras, el coste de los empleadores de producción es el salario, en el cual las empresas se benefician de una creciente producción o ingreso