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The economics is a science that studies the . . . behaviour as the relation between the purpose and the limited means that have alternatives applications
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The . . . implies that there are not enough resources to produce enough to cover all the needs
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The . . . also implies that all the society's objectives can not be met at the same time, so it must follow a priority politics
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. . . means everything that has capacity to satisfy human's needs
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Human societies have developed the . . . to decide the priorities and the way to satisfy them
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The economic agents are: . . ., firms and public sector
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The . . . is formed by the different civil services
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The public sector takes part in the economy by . . . the incomes
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The . . . is what an agent loses when he makes a decision
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The more we spend in national security to protect our coasts from the foreign aggressors (cannons), the . . . we'll spend in personal goods to improve the standard of living in our country (butter)
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The legislation that forces the . . . to reduce the pollution raises the cost to produce goods and services
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Higher costs can create . . . company profits, lower salaries, higher prices or all the three things at the same time
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The Production Possibility Frontier (PPF) is the group of productive factors or technologies' . . . that reach the highest production
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The Production Possibility Frontier (PPF) reflects the highest good and services' amounts that a society can produce in a fixed time period and with ones . . . and ones given technological knowledge
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A country with a rate of unemployment above 5%, will always itself find in . . . productive structure, because there is unused available labor
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The unattainable productive structure is located over the . . .
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The Production Possibility Frontier (PPF) is decreasing because in order to produce more of one good it is necessary to produce . . . of another
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The displacement of the . . . can be due to technological improvements, an increase in capital, an increase of workers or the discovery of new natural resources
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The barter or exchange is to buy or to sell by using a . . . instead of money as a exchange money
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The first sedentary communities of human beings knew agriculture and . . ., they lived longer than their nomadic ancestors and they enjoyed better security
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Bartering began with the need to exchange what is owned for what is needed. although, on occasion, many . . . exchanges were necessary to satisfy needs
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In . . ., the monetary and exchange systems lived together throughout history
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Civilitations have adopted several goods as money (gold, silver, other metals or minerals, wheat, bars of tea in . . ., etc.)
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The states started to issue notes and coins that gave right to the . . . to exchange them for gold or silver from the country's reserves
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Between 1870 and the . . . the Gold Standard was mainly adopted
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Between World Wars countries tried to return to the Gold Standard, but the economic situation and the crisis of . . . ended the ability for an individual to convert notes to gold
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By 1971 the USA's expansive fiscal politics was motivated mainly by the military expenditure in . . .
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In December of 1971, the president of the United States, Richard Nixon, . . . on his own the dollar conversion to gold and devalued the dollar by 10%
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The monetary authorities and the Central Banks take part in the exchange market to calm the . . . speculative fluctuations
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In capitalism capital dominates over work as a element of production and creator of . . .
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. . . enterprise exists in capitalism
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The founding fathers of capitalism are John Locke, Juan de Mariana, Adam Smith and . . .
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John Maynar Keynes holds that the State can . . . the effective demand by avoiding the cyclical crisis
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In the centralice planning economy the market didn't send signals because this didn't exist (. . . market)
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The . . . appeared due to the state of emergency and the war economy for the war against the White Army and the Triple Entente during the Russian Civil War
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The centralice planning economy got worse with Stalin and his followers, when the . . . was born, with the so-called one-country politics
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Although at the beginning the centralice planning economy was more productive than the . . ., soon the firms stopped being productives and the State became continuously in debt to maintain the full employment
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Nowdays Russia and the East countries go toward a Market Economy. . . . is looking for a balance
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A production process converts . . . into outputs (goods or services) with physical, technological, human and other types of resources
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The three factors that . . . economists use are: land, labour and capital
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Capital is rewarded by . . .
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In the economy of . . . and business development produced since the end of the 20th Century, people consider that technology and science (what has been called R&D -Research and Development- or even R, D&I - Research, Development and Innovation -) is a 4th factor of production that characterizes more and more the production in the industrialised countries.
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To the concept of physical capital or financial capital is added the concept of . . . capital or intellectual capital, even social capital, as a way of explaining the improvement of the productivity that isn't due to the other factors
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The new factors of production are: natural capital, physical capital, material labour and Intangible capital (know-how, . . ., non-physical but computable assests, intangible labour, knowledge economy)
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. . . is the increase in value that is produced in a good in each phase of the production process
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The division of labour, generally speaking, deals about specialization and cooperation of the . . . forces in tasks and roles, with the objective of improving efficiency.
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The types of division of labour are: industrial division, vertical division and . . . division
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The . . . product is the total amount in physical units that is obtained for the total amount of factor used
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. . . evaluates the capacity of a system to create the products that people desire and, at the same time, the degree it makes use of the resources used, that is, the added value
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The . . .productivity is the incresase or decrease of output, it's caused by the variation of any factors that take part in the production: labour, capital, technique, etc.
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The relationships between imperialist nations and their . . . aren't unilateral
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The . . . is the basic economic unit in charge of satisfying the market's needs using material and human resources
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The Grundy's Four P's are: product, price, distribution or . . . and advertising or promotion.
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The firms from the . . . sector create the utility of the goods when they obtain the resources from nature
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The firms from the . . . sector physically convert some goods in others more useful
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The firm classification according to the legal status is: firms that belong to only one person and firms that belong at a group of persons
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The firm classification according to the size is: Microenterprise, Small enterprise, . . . and Great enterprise
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The firm classification according to who is the owner is: private sector company, . . . company, mixed company and self-management company
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In a self-management company, the owners are the . . .
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A . . . firm hasn't an important market share and isn't a problem to the leader firm
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. . . costs change if the activity level changes
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In Microeconomic Theory . . . costs are not linear, at the beginning they are more increasing but after that they are less increasing
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. . . is output value minus input value
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In Andalusia, the . . . sector takes up 8.19% of the working population
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In the last decades, in Andalusia, traditional farming has decreased and farming of wheat, rise, beetroot, cotton and . . . has increased
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The fish farm of Riofrio, in Granada, exports 40% of its caviar production, and it competes in international markets with Russian and . . . caviar
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Only . . .% of the Andalusian needs for meat and milk are supplied by the Andalusian livestock
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At the beginning of . . . the international financial crisis worsened, the banks saw a fall in their profits, and the market exchange experienced sharp falls
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Algeria, Nigeria and Russia sell to Andalusia mainly oil and account for . . .% of imports
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What would be the added value in the first stage of the production if the wood is sold at 2 €, the wholesale chair at 19 € and the retail chair at 33 €?
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What would be the added value in the second stage of the production if the wood is sold at 2 €, the wholesale chair at 19 € and the retail chair at 33 €?
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What would be the added value in the third stage of the production if the wood is sold at 2 €, the wholesale chair at 19 € and the retail chair at 33 €?
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What would be the marginal product for three workers, if the total products, according to the number of workers are: 1-5,250, 2-10,150, 3-14,525? Two decimal numbers, by rounding (when it be necessary)
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What would be the marginal product for three workers, if the average products, according to the number of workers are: 1-14,190, 2-12,540, 3-9,900? Two decimal numbers, by rounding (when it be necessary)
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What would be the total product for three workers, if the average products, according to the number of workers are: 1-19,080, 2-17,280, 3-10,800? Two decimal numbers, by rounding (when it be necessary)
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What would be the total product for three workers, if the marginal products, according to the number of workers are: 1-9,540, 2-8,640, 3-5,400? Two decimal numbers, by rounding (when it be necessary)
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What would be the average product for three workers, if the marginal products, according to the number of workers are: 1-71,910, 2-69,560, 3-61,100? Two decimal numbers, by rounding (when it be necessary)
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What would be the average product for three workers, if the total products, according to the number of workers are: 1-20,655, 2-33,480, 3-43,200? Two decimal numbers, by rounding (when it be necessary)