The economics is a . . . that studies the human behaviour as the relation between the purpose and the limited means that have alternatives applications

The economics is a science that studies the human behaviour as the relation between the . . . and the limited means that have alternatives applications

The . . . implies that there are not enough resources to produce enough to cover all the needs

The scarcity implies that there are not enough resources to produce . . . to cover all the needs

The scarcity also implies that all the . . . objectives can not be met at the same time, so it must follow a priority politics

The scarcity also implies that all the society's objectives can not be met at the same time, so it must follow a . . . politics

Useful means everything that has . . . to satisfy human's needs

Human . . . have developed the politics to decide the priorities and the way to satisfy them

Human societies have developed the politics to decide the priorities and the way to . . . them

The . . . are: households, firms and public sector

The households make the decisions about what to . . . and they have the most of the productions factors

The . . . is formed by the different civil services

The public sector takes part in the economy by making laws that regulate the way that the other . . . act when they go to the market

The public sector takes part in the economy by redistributing the . . .

The public sector takes part in the economy by offering, at a lower price or for free, . . . that the society things that it must be able to receive all the population

The opportunity cost is what an agent . . . when he makes a decision

The more we spend in . . . to protect our coasts from the foreign aggressors (cannons), the less we'll spend in personal goods to improve the standard of living in our country (butter)

The more we spend in national security to protect our coasts from the foreign aggressors (cannons), the less we'll spend in personal goods to improve the . . . in our country (butter)

The . . . that forces the firms to reduce the pollution raises the cost to produce goods and services

The legislation that forces the firms to reduce the pollution raises the . . . to produce goods and services

Higher costs can create . . . company profits, lower salaries, higher prices or all the three things at the same time

Higher costs can create lower company profits, lower salaries, higher . . . or all the three things at the same time

The Production Possibility Frontier (PPF) is the group of productive factors or technologies' combinations that . . . the highest production

The Production Possibility Frontier (PPF) reflects the highest good and services' . . . that a society can produce in a fixed time period and with ones production's factors and ones given technological knowledge

The situations that can be given in a country's productive structure are: . . . productive structure, efficient productive structure and unattainable productive structure

To be under the PPF signifies that either not all the resources are used (idle resources) or the technology isn't adequate (technology can . . .).

The efficient productive structure is located in the frontier or very . . . to it

The unattainable productive structure is located . . . the Possibilities Production

The Production Possibility Frontier (PPF) is . . . and decreasing

The Production Possibility Frontier (PPF) is decreasing because in order to produce more of one good it is necessary to produce . . . of another

The . . . is displaceable, this is, the unattainable points can be reached.

The displacement of the Production Possiblity Frontier (PPF) can be due to technological . . ., an increase in capital, an increase of workers or the discovery of new natural resources

The . . . is to buy or to sell by using a product or service instead of money as a exchange money

The . . . is to buy or to sell without use cash money

The beginnings of the barter or exchange go back to the first . . . communities of human beings.

The first jobs in the first sedentary communities of human beings, like pottery or . . ., started to develop

Bartering began with the need to exchange what is owned for what is . . .

The . . . initially, were sacks of salt

In . . ., the monetary and exchange systems lived together throughout history

Civilitations have adopted several goods as money (. . ., silver, other metals or minerals, wheat, bars of tea in China, etc.)

The first historical signs that we have of money shaped as a coin in the . . . are those of the Phoenicians

The states started to . . . notes and coins that gave right to the bearer to exchange them for gold or silver from the country's reserves

The states started to issue notes and coins that gave right to the bearer to exchange them for . . . from the country's reserves

By the XVIII and XIX centuries many countries had a bimetallic standard, based in . . .

With the . . . Standard any citizen could convert the paper money into an equivalent amount of gold

Between World Wars countries tried to return to the . . ., but the economic situation and the crisis of 1929 ended the ability for an individual to convert notes to gold

In the Bretton Woods' Agreements was established that all the currencies would be converted in . . . and only the U.S. dollar would be convertible in gold bars at 35 dollars per ounce for the foreign governments

By 1971 the USA's expansive fiscal politics was motivated mainly by the military expenditure in . . .

By 1971 the European central banks tried to convert their dollar reserves to gold, creating an unsustainable situation for the . . .

In December of 1971, the president of the United States, Richard Nixon, suspended on his own the dollar conversion to gold and . . . the dollar by 10%

By 1973, the dollar devalued another 10%, until, finally, the dollar conversion to gold was . . .

The monetary authorities and the Central Banks take part in the exchange market with the objective of maintaining at short-term the prices' . . .

In capitalism . . . dominates over work as a element of production and creator of wealth

In capitalism the profit is fixed in economic action so that capital . . .

In capitalism the distribution, production and prices of goods and services are usually determinated by some type of . . .

The political doctrine that historically has led the defense and implementation of capitalism has been economic and classic . . .

The founding fathers of capitalism are John Locke, Juan de Mariana, Adam Smith and . . .

The most prominent contemporary representatives scholars for the . . . school of economics are George Stigler and Milton Friedman

John Maynar Keynes holds that the State can increase the effective . . . by avoiding the cyclical crisis

The manipulations of the centralice planning economy are made with multi-annual economic plans (. . .-year plans), which explains in great detail the supply, production methods, wages, infraestructura investment, . . .

The . . . needed a huge bureaucracy at the service of the State, so the decisions and the reaction capacity were slower

The . . . appeared after the 1st World War

The centralice planning economy appeared due to the state of emergency and the war economy for the war against the White Army and the Triple Entente during the . . . War

The centralice planning economy got worse with . . . and his followers, when the Soviet Union was born, with the so-called one-country politics

The centralice planning economy was extended after the 2nd World War for all The . . . Europe and many asian countries, under the Soviet Union and the Komintern

Although at the beginning the centralice planning economy was more productive than the . . ., soon the firms stopped being productives and the State became continuously in debt to maintain the full employment

Finally, at the end of the 20th century, the . . . fell down with its economic system

Nowdays Russia and the East countries go toward a Market Economy. China is looking for a . . .

In reality, . . . country with a totally market or centralized economy exists, but more or less a combination of both in increasing or decreasing degree